"Interestingly, bigger waistlines were linked to decreased mental functioning more than was general obesity," said study author Dr. J. Allen McCutchan, at the University of California, San Diego, in a journal news release. "This is important because certain anti-HIV drugs cause weight gain in the center of the body that is most dramatic in the abdomen, neck, chest and breasts."
Researchers looked at 130 HIV-positive patients who were about 46 years old and who had been infected for an average of 13 years. Most patients were on antiretroviral therapy consisting of combinations of anti-HIV drugs.
Forty percent of the participants had "neurocognitive impairment" -- reduced mental function such as poor memory and/or concentration. These patients also had a waist measuring an average of 39 inches.
In contrast, patients with normal mental function had an average waist size of 35 inches.
The study appears in the Feb. 14 issue of the journal Neurology.
"Avoiding those HIV drugs that cause larger waistlines might protect or help to reverse [mental impairment]," McCutchan said. "We don't know if central obesity is causing [the problem] directly or is just a marker for exposure to a more direct cause such as anti-HIV drugs. People with HIV should talk to their doctors before considering changes in their anti-HIV medications."
The study authors pointed out that reduced mental function was also linked to older age, a longer time living with HIV and diabetes in patients older than 55.
More information
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides more information on HIV/AIDS.
